STS-01 and STS-02: exam questions and preparation

Standard Scenarios (STS) cover declared specific-category operations. STS-01 and STS-02 are the most common paths for commercial remote pilots in the EU.

What are STS-01 and STS-02?

STS-01: VLOS operations in a controlled ground area with limited overflight of uninvolved persons.

STS-02: BVLOS operations with observers or technical means to maintain situational awareness.

Both require theoretical knowledge assessment plus practical skills training before operations.

STS exam structure

The standard STS theoretical exam has 60 questions in 60 minutes with a 75% pass mark (45 correct). It is longer and deeper than A2.

  • Operational procedures and checklists
  • Risk assessment and mitigation
  • Airspace and coordination with ANSP
  • Human factors in complex operations
  • Technical — redundancy, lost link, contingency

How to practice STS scenarios

Study each STS scenario's operational volume, maximum height, and mitigation requirements. Then run full 60-question simulations to build speed and accuracy.